Bonsmara — iibso ama iibi

History of the breed. The name "Bonsmara" originates from "Bonsmara," the name of the person who played a significant role in the breed's development, and "Mara," the name of the farm where these animals were bred. Bonsmara was developed as a result of scientific research and careful selection for effective breeding in the vast areas of South Africa where cattle grazing is practiced. In less than a quarter of a century, this breed became the most productive beef breed in South Africa, gaining incredible popularity. On the eve of World War II, there was an urgent need to develop a beef breed that could effectively thrive in the subtropical regions of Transvaal and Natal. The local Afrikaner-type cattle, despite their adaptation to local conditions, did not meet the necessary requirements. They reached sexual maturity relatively late, and many individuals could not regularly produce offspring. At that time, exotic British beef breeds that were available thrived in more temperate regions but could not demonstrate the same productivity in hot climate conditions. Additionally, they were more susceptible to diseases transmitted by ticks prevalent in the subtropics. The Ministry of Agriculture attempted to assess the productivity of various hybrids obtained from crossing local and exotic breeds at the experimental farms of Mara and Messina. Bulls from five British beef breeds and Afrikaner cows were used for this purpose. The offspring were analyzed for productivity. After preliminary trials, work continued with hybrids from crossing Hereford and Shorthorn breeds. As a result, three-quarters of the Afrikaner population were crossed with half-breeds, producing offspring with 5/8 Afrikaner and 3/8 Hereford or Shorthorn blood. Strict selection of breeding animals contributed to rapid progress. Within 20 years after the initial trials, an excellent breed of cattle was created that showed better results than other breeds in the bushveld of Northern Transvaal. A large number of livestock farmers were thrilled with the efficiency of this breed, which was renowned for its adaptability and practicality. Since 1970, when there were only 37 active breeders, their number has grown to 459 today. Additionally, the number of registered Bonsmara cows has increased to over 87,400 head.